ABSTRACT
Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) was estimated in the leucocytes of 35 patients with acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) and 10 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). G6PD levels were found to be significantly decreased in majority of the patients with ANLL while it was increased in all CML patients. Variation in G6PD was found to be dependent on the percentage of myelocytes inANLL. Cytogenetic analysis was also carried out in these patients. Correlation analysis of leucocyte G6PD activity and karyotype with prognostic assessment clearly indicated the association of (s) high percentage of chromosomal abnormalities especially translocations, (b) low survival and remission rates, with patients having decreased G6PD activity when compared to patients with normal activity in ANLL. The studies indicate that leucocyte G6PD may be useful as a diagnostic and prognostic tool.
Subject(s)
Chromosome Aberrations , Chromosome Disorders , Female , Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase/blood , Humans , Karyotyping , Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/enzymology , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/enzymology , Leukocytes/enzymology , Male , Prognosis , Biomarkers, TumorABSTRACT
Red cell glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and pyruvate kinase (PK) levels were estimated in patients with leukemias, to see if there was a consistent enzyme defect and correlation of enzyme levels with stage of the disease with prognostic assessment. G6PD levels were found to be significantly increased or decreased in majority of the patients with acute leukemias. Increased activity was seen in majority of the patients with L1 and decreased activity in L2 subtype of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). In chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) G6PD activity was consistently increased, with levels being highly elevated in chronic phase and moderately in blast phase. Variation in G6PD activity was found to be related to the stage of disease and was of prognostic significance. PK was found to be normal or decreased. Fetal haemoglobin levels were also estimated in 30 patients with leukemias and were found to be elevated in most patients. Red cell G6PD may be useful for staging of the disease, as prognostic indicator and predictor of relapse.
Subject(s)
Erythrocytes/enzymology , Fetal Hemoglobin/analysis , Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase/blood , Humans , Leukemia/blood , Pyruvate Kinase/bloodABSTRACT
G6PD activity, estimated in 37 patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) prior to therapy was found to be significantly decreased in 78.37% of the patients with ALL while it was normal in other patients. Variation in G6PD was found to be dependent on the percentage of myelocytes. Correlation analysis of leukocyte G6PD activity with karyotype indicated that patients with normal karyotype with normal G6PD activity had good prognosis while those with abnormal G6PD with abnormal karyotype had poor prognosis. Subjects with normal karyotype and abnormal G6PD and vice versa had intermediate prognosis. Thus the results clearly indicate that leukocyte G6PD may be used as a diagnostic and prognostic tool.